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Microcefalia - Información general

Definición:

El término microcefalia describe el tamaño de la cabeza significativamente por debajo de lo normal para la edad y sexo de una persona, con base en tablas de referencia. El tamaño de la cabeza se mide como la distancia alrededor de la parte superior de la cabeza.

Consideraciones generales:

La microcefalia se presenta en la mayoría de los casos debido a una deficiencia en la tasa de crecimiento cerebral. El crecimiento del cráneo está determinado por la expansión cerebral que tiene lugar durante el crecimiento normal del cerebro en el embarazo y en la lactancia.

Las enfermedades que afectan el crecimiento cerebral pueden ocasionar microcefalia, incluyendo infecciones, trastornos genéticos y desnutrición severa.

Causas comunes:

Causas primarias

Causas secundarias:

  • Fecha de revisión: 11/9/2007
  • Versión en inglés revisada por:Deirdre O’Reilly, M.D., M.P.H., Neonatologist, Division of Newborn Medicine, Children’s Hospital Boston and Instructor in Pediatrics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts.
  • Traducción y localización realizada por: DrTango, Inc
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