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Rubéola congénita - Información general

Definición:

Es un grupo de problemas físicos que se presentan en un bebé cuando su madre está infectada con el virus que causa la rubéola.

Causas, incidencia y factores de riesgo:

La rubéola congénita es causada por la acción destructiva del virus de la rubéola en el feto en un momento crítico del desarrollo. El momento más crítico es el primer trimestre (los primeros tres meses de embarazo). Después del cuarto mes, es menos probable que la infección de rubéola de la madre ocasione daños al feto en desarrollo.

La tasa de esta enfermedad ha disminuido considerablemente después de la introducción de la vacuna contra la rubéola.

Los factores de riesgo para la rubéola congénita abarcan:

  • Falta de la vacunación recomendada contra la rubéola
  • Contacto con una persona que padezca rubéola (también llamada sarampión de los tres días)

Las mujeres embarazadas que no estén vacunadas y que no hayan padecido rubéola están ellas mismas en riesgo de infección y de daño al feto.

  • Fecha de revisión: 10/15/2007
  • Versión en inglés revisada por:Deirdre O’Reilly, MD, MPH, Neonatologist, Division of Newborn Medicine, Children’s Hospital Boston and Instructor in Pediatrics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, and Daniel Rauch, MD, FAAP, Director, Pediatric Hospitalist Program, Associate Professor of Pediatrics, NYU School of Medicine, New York, NY. Review provided by VeriMed Healthcare Network.
  • Traducción y localización realizada por: DrTango, Inc

Referencias

Edlich RF, Winters KL, Long WB 3rd, Gubler KD. Rubella and congenital rubella (German measles). J Long Term Eff Med Implants. 2005;15(3):319-328.

Bar-Oz B, Levichek Z, Moretti ME, Mah C, Andreou S, Koren G. Pregnancy outcome following rubella vaccination: a prospective controlled study. Am J Med Genet A. 2004;130(1):52-54.

Robertson SE, Featherstone DA, Gacic-Dobo M, Hersh BS. Rubella and congenital rubella syndrome: global update. Rev Panam Salud Publica. 2003;14(5):306-315.

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