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Prolapso uterino - Información general

Nombres alternativos

Hernia del piso pélvico; Relajación pélvica

Definición:

Es la caída o deslizamiento del útero desde su posición normal en la cavidad pélvica dentro de la vagina.

Causas, incidencia y factores de riesgo:

Normalmente, el útero es sostenido en su posición por tejido conectivo, músculo y ligamentos especiales en la pelvis. El útero cae dentro de la cavidad vaginal (prolapso) cuando estos músculos y tejidos conectivos se debilitan.

El prolapso uterino es más común en las mujeres que han tenido uno o más partos vaginales. El envejecimiento normal y la falta estrógenos después de la menopausia también pueden causar prolapso uterino, como también lo puede hacer la tos crónica (como la tos de los fumadores) y la obesidad. El prolapso uterino también puede ser causado por un tumor pélvico, aunque esto es poco común.

El estreñimiento crónico y el pujo asociado con éste pueden empeorar el prolapso uterino.

  • Fecha de revisión: 5/12/2008
  • Versión en inglés revisada por:Linda Vorvick, MD, Seattle Site Coordinator, Lecturer, Pathophysiology, MEDEX Northwest Division of Physician Assistant Studies, University of Washington School of Medicine; Susan Storck, MD, FACOG, Clinical Teaching Faculty, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Washington School of Medicine, Chief, Eastside Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Group Health Cooperative of Puget Sound, Redmond, WA. Also reviewed by David Zieve, MD, MHA, Medical Director, A.D.A.M., Inc.
  • Traducción y localización realizada por: DrTango, Inc

Referencias

Lentz, GM. Anatomic Defects of the Abdominal Wall and Pelvic Floor: Abdominal and Inguinal Hernias, Cystocele, Urethrocele, Enterocele, Rectocele, Uterine and Vaginal Prolapse, and Rectal Incontinence: Diagnosis and Management. In: Katz VL, Lentz GM, Lobo RA, Gershenson DM eds. Katz: Comprehensive Gynecology. 5th ed. Philadelphia, PA: Mosby Elsevier; 2007:chap 20.
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