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Retinopatía diabética - Tratamiento

Nombres alternativos

Retinopatía por diabetes

Tratamiento:

El tratamiento no contrarresta el daño que ya ha ocurrido, pero impide el empeoramiento de la enfermedad. Se están desarrollando fármacos que impiden la proliferación de vasos sanguíneos anormales en pacientes con retinopatía diabética proliferativa.

La cirugía con láser o la fotocoagulación se puede utilizar para impedir que los vasos sanguíneos presenten filtración o para eliminar vasos sanguíneos frágiles y anormales.

Un procedimiento quirúrgico, llamado vitrectomía, se utiliza cuando hay sangrado (hemorragia) dentro del ojo e igualmente se puede usar para reparar un desprendimiento de retina.

Grupos de apoyo:

American Diabetes Association: www.diabetes.org

National Diabetes Information Clearinghouse: www.diabetes.niddk.nih.gov

Prevent Blindness America: www.preventblindness.org

Expectativas (pronóstico):

La persona puede mejorar el pronóstico manteniendo un buen control de su glucemia y de su presión arterial.

La retinopatía diabética que no recibe tratamiento puede llevar a la ceguera.

Complicaciones:

  • Ceguera
  • Glaucoma
  • Desprendimiento de retina

Situaciones que requieren asistencia médica:

La persona debe consultar con un oftalmólogo si tiene diabetes y no ha asistido a una consulta oftalmológica en el último año.

  • Fecha de revisión: 4/22/2008
  • Versión en inglés revisada por:Andrew A. Dahl, M.D., F.A.C.S., Director of Ophthalmology Training, Institute for Family Health, Assistant Professor of Ophthalmology, New York College of Medicine, New York, NY. Review provided by VeriMed Healthcare Network. Also reviewed by David Zieve, MD, MHA, Medical Director, A.D.A.M., Inc.
  • Traducción y localización realizada por: DrTango, Inc

Referencias

Sydorova M, Lee MS. Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor Levels in Vitreous and Serum of Patients with either Proliferative Diabetic Retinopathy or Proliferative Vitreoretinopathy. Ophthalmic Res. 2005 Jun 29;37(4):188-190.

Singerman L. Findings of the Phase 2 Trial of the Safety and Efficacy of Pegaptanib Sodium (Macugen™) in Patients With Diabetic Macular Edema. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci 2005;46: E-Abstract 4674.

Rosenblatt RJ, Benson WJ. Diabetic Retinopathy. In: Yanoff M, ed. Opthalmology. 2nd ed. St. Louis, MO: Mosby; 2004;877-887.

American Diabetes Association (ADA). Standards of Medical Care in Diabetes. Diabetes Care. 2008;31:S1-S12.

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