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Hipotiroidismo neonatal - Información general

Nombres alternativos

Cretinismo; Hipotiroidismo congénito; Hipotiroidismo en bebés

Definición:

Es la disminución de la producción de la hormona tiroidea en un recién nacido y, en casos muy excepcionales, no se produce dicha hormona.

Si el bebé nació con esta afección, se denomina hipotiroidismo congénito. Cuando se desarrolla poco después del nacimiento, se llama hipotiroidismo adquirido en el período neonatal.

Causas, incidencia y factores de riesgo:

El hipotiroidismo en el recién nacido puede ser causado por:

  • Ausencia o desarrollo anormal de la glándula tiroides
  • Insuficiencia hipofisaria para estimular la tiroides
  • Formación defectuosa o anormal de las hormonas tiroideas

El desarrollo incompleto de la tiroides es el defecto más común y ocurre en aproximadamente 1 caso por cada 3.000 nacimientos, afectando dos veces más a las niñas que a los niños.

  • Fecha de revisión: 8/15/2007
  • Versión en inglés revisada por:Alan Greene, MD, FAAP, Department of Pediatrics, Stanford University School of Medicine, Lucile Packard Children's Hospital; Chief Medical Officer, A.D.A.M., Inc. Previously reviewed by Robert Hurd, MD, Professor of Endocrinology, Department of Biology, Xavier University, Cincinnati, OH, and physician in the Primary Care Clinic, Cincinnati Veterans Administration Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio. Review provided by VeriMed Healthcare Network. (7/17/2007)
  • Traducción y localización realizada por: DrTango, Inc

Referencias

Harris KB, Pass KA. Increase in congenital hypothyroidism in New York State and in the United States. Mol Genet Metab. 2007; 91(3):268-277.

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