Aluminum Hydroxide and Magnesium Carbonate
Pronunciation
(a LOO mi num hye DROKS ide & mag NEE zhum KAR bun nate)
U.S. Brand Names
Gaviscon® Extra Strength [OTC]; Gaviscon® Liquid [OTC]
Synonyms
Magnesium Carbonate and Aluminum Hydroxide
Generic Available
Yes
Use
Temporary relief of symptoms associated with gastric acidity
Adverse Reactions
1% to 10%:
Endocrine & metabolic: Hypermagnesemia, aluminum intoxication (prolonged use and concomitant renal failure), hypophosphatemia
Gastrointestinal: Constipation, diarrhea
Neuromuscular & skeletal: Osteomalacia
Drug Interactions
Decreased effect: Tetracyclines, digoxin, indomethacin, or iron salts, isoniazid, allopurinol, benzodiazepines, corticosteroids, penicillamine, phenothiazines, ranitidine, ketoconazole, itraconazole
Dosage
Oral: Adults:
Liquid:
Gaviscon® Regular Strength: 15-30 mL 4 times/day after meals and at bedtime
Gaviscon® Extra Strength Relief: 15-30 mL 4 times/day after meals
Tablet (Gaviscon® Extra Strength Relief): Chew 2-4 tablets 4 times/day
Dietary Considerations
Should be taken 1-3 hours after meals with water, milk or juice. Products contain sodium (0.57 mEq/5 mL regular strength liquid, 0.9 mEq/5 mL extra strength liquid, 1.3 mEq extra strength tablet).
Patient Education
Liquid: Shake well. Do not use if you are on a sodium-restricted diet.
Tablet: Take tablets after meals and at bedtime, or as needed. Chew tablet, do not swallow whole. Follow tablets with
1
/2 glass of water.
Nursing Implications
Monitor stool frequency
Dental Health: Effects on Dental Treatment
Key adverse event(s) related to dental treatment: Chalky taste. Aluminum and magnesium ions prevent GI absorption of tetracycline by forming a large ionized chelated molecule with the tetracyclines in the stomach. Aluminum hydroxide prevents GI absorption of ketoconazole and itraconazole by increasing the pH in the GI tract. Any of these drugs should be administered at least 1 hour before aluminum hydroxide.
Dental Health: Vasoconstrictor/Local Anesthetic Precautions
No information available to require special precautions
Mental Health: Effects on Mental Status
None reported
Mental Health: Effects on Psychiatric Treatment
None reported
Dosage Forms
Liquid:
Gaviscon®: Aluminum hydroxide 31.7 mg and magnesium carbonate 119.3 mg per 5 mL (355 mL) [contains sodium 0.57 mEq/5 mL]
Gaviscon® Extra Strength: Aluminum hydroxide 84.6 mg and magnesium carbonate 79.1 mg per 5 mL (355 mL) [contains sodium 0.9 mEq/5 mL]
Tablet, chewable (Gaviscon® Extra Strength): Aluminum hydroxide 160 mg and magnesium carbonate 105 mg [contains sodium 1.3 mEq/tablet]
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